The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) has provided a description of cloud computing in its NIST Special Publication 800-145:
Cloud computing is a way of using computer resources that are easily accessible over the internet. These resources can be quickly set up and taken down with minimal effort. This cloud model has five important features, three types of services, and four ways it can be set up.
This article explains the NIST definition of cloud computing so you can understand why using cloud computing services is valuable and how to get the most out of your investment in cloud technology.
What Is Cloud Computing?
The term “cloud computing” was first used in 1996 in an internal document from computer maker Compaq (later acquired by Hewlett-Packard). The idea, however, likely began in the 1950s when some organizations began using large mainframe computers to process data.
Today, cloud computing means using computers and software that are in different places but connected through the internet. This allows for things like hosting platforms, databases, and software from a distance, and it makes it easy to give users access to computing power, storage, networking, databases, and applications as they need it.
Benefits of Cloud Computing
Cloud computing lets users get to their programs and information from any location at any time, using any device that can connect to the internet, like a laptop or phone. It also provides a foundation for businesses to create and offer enterprise software and services, making software development faster and more flexible.
Cloud systems have several advantages over traditional computing:
- Scalability: Cloud resources can be easily adjusted to meet the changing demands of a business.
- Cost Savings: You only pay for the resources you use, and you don’t have to buy or take care of your own equipment. This lowers the overall cost.
- Storage Options: You can choose to store your data in public, private, or a mix of both, based on your needs and security concerns.
- Data Security: Public clouds often have strong security features to protect sensitive information. Networked backups also help prevent data loss.
- Control Choices: There are different types of cloud services (SaaS, IaaS, and PaaS) which allow organizations to decide how much control they want over their cloud services.
Understanding NIST’s Cloud Computing Definition and Model
The NIST cloud model includes:
- Five Essential Characteristics: These are important features that make up the cloud computing system. They include on-demand self-service, broad network access, resource pooling, rapid elasticity, and measured service.
- Three Service Models: These are different ways that cloud services can be provided. They are Software-as-a-Service (SaaS), Platform-as-a-Service (PaaS), and Infrastructure-as-a-Service (IaaS).
- Four Deployment Models: These represent different types of cloud environments, such as private, public, hybrid, and community clouds.
The NIST Cloud Computing Architecture Model
The NIST SP 500-292 outlines five main roles in a cloud computing architecture model:
- Cloud Consumer
- Cloud Provider
- Cloud Auditor
- Cloud Broker
- Cloud Carrier
Cloud Providers in the NIST Cloud Computing Reference Architecture
NIST identifies three main types of cloud service providers: Software-as-a-Service (SaaS), Platform-as-a-Service (PaaS), and Infrastructure-as-a-Service (IaaS).
NIST Models for Deployment
NIST cloud computing definition includes four types of cloud environments. Users can choose the one that best suits their needs: Private Cloud, Public Cloud, Hybrid Cloud, and Community Cloud.
NIST Models for Orchestration and Management
NIST sees orchestration and management as crucial parts of the cloud computing system, making sure different providers and layers of the cloud work together smoothly.
Benefits of NIST’s Cloud Computing Definition
Understanding NIST’s definition helps organizations compare different cloud services and ways of setting up the cloud. It also helps them follow good practices for using the cloud and make smart choices about investing in it.
Image by Freepik